The Concerns about Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal during the Covid-19 Pandemic

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vaccine hesitancy refers to people who delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability of vaccine services (Butler, “Vaccine Hesitancy: what it means and what we need to know in order to tackle it.”).  Then there are those who refuse to get vaccinated to protect themselves from Covid 19.  You will research and argue what is the cause of vaccine hesitancy and refusal of the Covid 19 vaccines and then explain what the effects will be if there is not herd immunity in our country.  Herd immunity is when most of a population is immune to an infectious disease, this provides indirect protection—or population immunity (also called herd immunity or herd protection)—to those who are not immune to the disease (D’Souza and Dowdy, “What is Herd Immunity and How Can We Achieve It With COVID-19?”)  Typically, herd immunity is achieved through vaccination, and experts believe that 70% of the US population would have to be immune via vaccination to achieve herd immunity.  In addition, you will argue about the effects.  If there is a significant number of those hesitant in getting or refusing the vaccine, then herd immunity may never become a reality.  In fact, can there be another surge coming due to the vaccine hesitant or those refusing the vaccine?  Finally, you will argue what possible solutions will inspire those who are hesitant or even refusing the vaccine to actually get one.